Tanzanian President Lifts Ban On Opposition Political Gatherings

Tanzanian President Samia Suluhu Hassan on Tuesday lifted a ban on opposition gatherings imposed in 2016 by her powerful predecessor as a prelude to her political rivals seeking to restore her democratic traditions.

Hassan was under pressure to overthrow the harsh policies of John Magufuli, who died in 2021 after a brutal six-year rule in a country once seen as a beacon of democracy in East Africa.

Magufuli came to power in 2015 as the nation’s serious man, but his refusal to tolerate dissent earned him the nickname “Bulldozer” and led to an ongoing crackdown on political freedoms.

Early in his term, he banned political gatherings, saying it was time for work, not politics.

Critics, however, said the ban applied only to opposition groups, allowing the ruling party to assemble freely, while opposition rallies were forcibly disbanded by police and its officials imprisoned. In 2018 police fired live ammunition to disperse a rally by the opposition Chadema, whose leader Freeman Mbowe was later charged with unlawful assembly and inciting violence.

“The ban on political gatherings has now been lifted,” Hassan announced in a meeting with party leaders invited to the parliament building on Tuesday.

“The government will be responsible for ensuring security during rallies, but I urge all politicians to also practise civilised politics,” she said.

“You are all free to criticise the government wherever you see challenges, so that we address them for the benefit of our people.”

– ‘Cleaned up the mess’ –
Mbowe, who spent seven months in prison under Hassan on terrorism charges, was cautious.

“It is good that the president has allowed political meetings, but we are now waiting to see the implementation by other government officials,” he said.

Zitto Kabwe, another opposition leader, said the decision was a first step towards greater political reforms.

“I am exhilarated! This is the right that was snatched by the state through an illegal presidential decree. President Samia has cleaned up the mess. It is a normal thing but Huge,” he told AFP in a WhatsApp message.

The opposition hoped that Hassan, a ruling party stalwart herself, and deputy president at the time of Magufuli’s sudden death, would turn the page on the autocratic-style rule of her predecessor.

There was early optimism when Hassan, the country’s first female president, reached out to rivals, reopened banned media outlets, and reversed some of Magufuli’s most controversial policies.

Those hopes were dimmed with Mbowe’s arrest in July 2021, and observers say more needs to be done to reform the country’s battered reputation.

“President Suluhu should definitely go beyond this announcement. There has to be concrete action to restore a fair democratic playing field in Tanzania,” said Oryem Nyeko, a researcher on Tanzania for Human Rights Watch.

Hassan said Tuesday she was committed to “reconciliation and reforms” including a long-awaited rewriting of the constitution, a key opposition demand.

“More legal reforms are coming soon to ensure that the rights of all parties are accommodated,” she said.

Hassan has battled division within her Chama Cha Mapinduzi party since taking office, shuffling her cabinet three times in 2022 as internal fissures broke into the open.

She has accused rivals inside the government of trying to damage her leadership, and last year suspended a party-owned newspaper for publishing a story saying she would not run in elections set for 2025.